Question 1

We have a tendency to explain the behavior of strangers we have observed in only one type of situation in terms of ________ and to explain our own behavior in terms of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   attitudes;cognitive dissonance
B)   situational constraints;personality traits
C)   cognitive dissonance;attitudes
D)   personality traits;situational constraintsE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Participants in the Milgram obedience studies were ordered to

Accepted Answer

A)   play the role of prison guards.
B)   write an essay supporting a position they didn't believe in.
C)   deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers.
D)   participate in a team tug-of-war by pulling on a rope as hard as they could.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

A business leader who welcomes a variety of opinions from subordinates and invites experts to critique her company's developing plans is most likely to inhibit

Accepted Answer

A)   groupthink.
B)   cognitive dissonance.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   social loafing.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

A child hits one of his older siblings,who is constantly teasing him.People from East Asian cultures would be more likely than people from individualist Western cultures to explain the younger child's behavior in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   hostile motives.
B)   a lack of self-control.
C)   an enduring personality trait.
D)   the stressful situation.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Julius begins to yawn while he and his girlfriend are studying together.Soon his girlfriend and even his dog begin to yawn.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the chameleon effect.
B)   social loafing.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   deindividuation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The tragic decision to launch the space shuttle Challenger resulted in part from the minimal expression of dissenting views among NASA personnel and advisors.This best illustrates the dangers of

Accepted Answer

A)   social facilitation.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   groupthink.
D)   social control.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

According to the text,aggression always involves

Accepted Answer

A)   physical damage.
B)   anger and hostility.
C)   the intent to hurt.
D)   a reaction to frustration.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Vanna is tempted to shoplift a gold necklace even though she has negative feelings about shoplifting.Vanna is LEAST likely to steal the merchandise if she

Accepted Answer

A)   knows other people are watching.
B)   has been asked to get the necklace for her best friend.
C)   easily recalls her negative feelings about shoplifting.
D)   has recently shoplifted jewelry from several different stores.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)   behave according to our feelings rather than our beliefs.
B)   change our attitude because it differs from our behavior.
C)   comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request.
D)   attribute strangers' behavior to their personal dispositions.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

On which of the following tasks would the presence of observers be LEAST likely to lead to better and faster performance?

Accepted Answer

A)   raking leaves
B)   washing dishes
C)   reciting the alphabet
D)   solving a crossword puzzleE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Participants in a voter preference study favored the presidential candidate whose face blended some of their own facial features with those of the candidate.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   the mere exposure effect.
B)   mirror-image perceptions.
C)   the self-fulfilling prophecy.
D)   the bystander effect.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

People are less likely to give aid if an emergency occurs in the presence of many observers.This is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   altruism.
B)   social exchange theory.
C)   the bystander effect.
D)   the mere exposure effect.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Our tendency to attribute the cause of behavior to personality dispositions rather than situational factors illustrates the way we may often underestimate the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   social control.
B)   social facilitation.
C)   informational social influence.
D)   cognitive dissonance.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

If one student in a classroom begins to cough,others are likely to do the same.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   mood linkage.
B)   mood contagion.
C)   informational social influence.
D)   the chameleon effect.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

In Milgram's experiments,participants were torn between whether they should respond to the pleas of the ______ or the demands of the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   obedient role model;"teacher"
B)   "teacher";"learner"
C)   "teacher";defiant role model
D)   "learner";experimenterE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The participants in Philip Zimbardo's simulated prison study

Accepted Answer

A)   were assigned the roles of prisoner or guard on the basis of their personality test scores.
B)   found it very difficult to play the role of prison guard.
C)   were so endangered by their role-playing experience that the study was discontinued.
D)   became a cohesive unit when they pursued superordinate goals.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

In most desegregated schools,ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms.People in each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group,but they assume that the other group does not reciprocate the wish.This pattern of thinking best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   mirror-image perceptions.
B)   altruism.
C)   a social trap.
D)   superordinate goals.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Caitlin concluded that her husband was late for dinner because he was caught in heavy traffic.Her conclusion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   a dispositional attribution.
B)   an attitude.
C)   a situational attribution.
D)   the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

We are NOT likely to make the fundamental attribution error if we observe someone

Accepted Answer

A)   in a variety of situations.
B)   who is unemployed.
C)   who is wealthy.
D)   we dislike.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

People tend to prefer a(n) ________ image of themselves,while their friends prefer a(n) ________ version of them.

Accepted Answer

A)   mirror;actual
B)   actual;mirror
C)   actual;actual
D)   mirror;mirrorE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Exam 14: Social Psychology

A business leader who welcomes a variety of opinions from subordinates and invites experts to critique her company's developing plans is most likely to inhibit

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Julius begins to yawn while he and his girlfriend are studying together.Soon his girlfriend and even his dog begin to yawn.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tragic decision to launch the space shuttle Challenger resulted in part from the minimal expression of dissenting views among NASA personnel and advisors.This best illustrates the dangers of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We have a tendency to explain the behavior of strangers we have observed in only one type of situation in terms of ________ and to explain our own behavior in terms of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child hits one of his older siblings,who is constantly teasing him.People from East Asian cultures would be more likely than people from individualist Western cultures to explain the younger child's behavior in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Participants in the Milgram obedience studies were ordered to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On which of the following tasks would the presence of observers be LEAST likely to lead to better and faster performance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are less likely to give aid if an emergency occurs in the presence of many observers.This is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We are NOT likely to make the fundamental attribution error if we observe someone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Participants in a voter preference study favored the presidential candidate whose face blended some of their own facial features with those of the candidate.This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In most desegregated schools,ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms.People in each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group,but they assume that the other group does not reciprocate the wish.This pattern of thinking best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Milgram's experiments,participants were torn between whether they should respond to the pleas of the ______ or the demands of the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our tendency to attribute the cause of behavior to personality dispositions rather than situational factors illustrates the way we may often underestimate the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People tend to prefer a(n) ________ image of themselves,while their friends prefer a(n) ________ version of them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If one student in a classroom begins to cough,others are likely to do the same.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,aggression always involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Caitlin concluded that her husband was late for dinner because he was caught in heavy traffic.Her conclusion best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The participants in Philip Zimbardo's simulated prison study

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vanna is tempted to shoplift a gold necklace even though she has negative feelings about shoplifting.Vanna is LEAST likely to steal the merchandise if she

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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We have a tendency to explain the behavior of strangers we have observed in only one type of situation in terms of and to explain our own behavior in terms of .

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In Milgram's experiments,participants were torn between whether they should respond to the pleas of the or the demands of the .

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People tend to prefer a(n) image of themselves,while their friends prefer a(n) version of them.

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