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The life-events approach to understanding adult development has been criticized because it:


A) placed too much emphasis on change.
B) placed too much emphasis on the developmental stages adults go through.
C) did not consider the female experience.
D) focused on minor and not major life events.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Describe three potential explanations for the finding in 2014 that individuals 50 to 64 years old were twice as likely to divorce as their counterparts in

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1990.
One explanation is the changing vi...

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According to Levinson, the _____ rests on how effectively the individual reduces the four major conflicts and accepts each of them as an integral part of his being.


A) failure of adolescent transition
B) success of the midlife transition
C) success of transition into early adulthood
D) success of transition into late adulthood

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A common complaint voiced by both adult children and their parents when adult children return home is a(n) :


A) lack of social interaction.
B) lack of career development.
C) increased strain on finances.
D) loss of privacy.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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D'Angelo and his wife just had their last child move out of the house. They had lived vicariously through their children, letting their sports activities and various achievements dominate their lives. Now they may experience _____, which includes a decline in marital satisfaction after children leave the home.


A) meaning of life dilemma
B) chronic discontent
C) the empty nest syndrome
D) alienation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is the conclusion of the study conducted by Costa and McCrae on approximately 1,000 college-educated men and women aged 20 to 96?


A) Considerable stability occurs in the five personality factors.
B) Extraversion is the most unstable personality factor.
C) While extraversion and openness remained stable, agreeableness and conscientiousness varied greatly.
D) The five personality factors were very unstable across different age groups.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Describe the four conflicts associated with the transition to middle adulthood according to Levinson.

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According to Levinson, the transition to...

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These theorists studied adult personality by examining stability and change in the Big Five factors of personality.

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Paul Costa...

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Abdiel has had three children, and he adores each one. He has found a way to connect with the interests of each of his children, spending time with them and sharing hobbies. According to Erikson, he has achieved:


A) biological generativity.
B) parental generativity.
C) biological stagnation.
D) cultural stagnation.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Jesse is known for setting goals and achieving them. When faced with a challenge or problem he will tackle it quickly and directly. His great health is partly due to his running skills, but also to his attention to his nutrition. These characteristics are most closely related to:


A) agreeableness.
B) openness.
C) extraversion.
D) conscientiousness.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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James, 32 years old, is married, a father of one, and getting established in his career. He finds himself torn between obligations to his family and his employer, and often ponders where his loyalties are and where to draw boundaries. According to Levinson, he is entering the phase of BOOM, or:


A) "boundaries on our midlife."
B) "boring, organized, odd, manly."
C) "becoming organized or manic."
D) "becoming one's own man."

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The main reasons the middle-aged and older men cited for their divorce.

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Just fell ...

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As he looks back over his life, Chris realizes that his work was not as important to him as he believed, and that he lost too much valuable time with his children. If he could do it over again, he would work less and spend more time with his children. According to Erikson, Chris is experiencing some degree of:


A) social rejection.
B) apathy.
C) generativity.
D) stagnation.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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In Vaillant's longitudinal study, factors at age 50 that were linked with being in the "happy-well" group at age 75 to 80 years of age included all of the following EXCEPT:


A) being well-educated.
B) being wealthy.
C) having a stable marriage.
D) being forgiving.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In a 2004 survey conducted by AARP, divorced adults reported that they had generally stayed in their marriages and postponed their divorces because of:


A) their children.
B) financial problems.
C) religious beliefs.
D) cultural norms.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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This theorist proposed that middle-aged adults faced the significant issue of generativity versus stagnation.

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Holly asked her husband, Cody, if he felt as if he was in crisis during his midlife years. Cody replied, "My thinking on a lot of things changed, but it wasn't a crisis." Cody's experience:


A) is consistent with what Levinson would have predicted.
B) is consistent with current adult development experts.
C) is more typical of men in low SES positions.
D) is more typical of non-college educated men.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Chelsea has severe coronary heart disease. This condition is most closely linked to:


A) agreeableness.
B) openness.
C) extraversion.
D) neuroticism.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Marie struggles to take care of her small home with the little money she makes working at the church. When her daughter basically left her granddaughter at Marie's house and left with her boyfriend, Marie had no choice but to become a surrogate parent. Research would say Marie is likely to develop:


A) dementia.
B) Parkinson disease.
C) depression.
D) schizophrenia.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The name Erikson gave to the seventh stage in his life-span theory.

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Generativi...

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