Question 1

Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) concluded that their social skills training was successful because their program

Accepted Answer

A)  employed skilled counselors who took responsibility for inspiring the participants to feel confident and competent.
B)  included no counseling,so the participants made internal attributions for their success.
C)  protected the participants from having to participate in actual conversations until they had first been extensively trained.
D)  paved the way for conversational success by providing many external reasons for initiating conversation.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Accepted Answer

A)  are alone most of the time.
B)  have lost a significant relationship.
C)  have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire.
D)  are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Vanessa is a mildly depressed college student.Considering the research findings presented in the text on depression,she probably

Accepted Answer

A)  suffers from the better-than-average phenomenon.
B)  assumes that her behavior is well-accepted by others.
C)  demonstrates the sadder-but-wiser effect.
D)  is below average in intelligence.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

In a study conducted by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Abramson (1979) ,mildly depressed and nondepressed students were asked to press a button and observe whether the button controlled a light coming on.The results indicated that the

Accepted Answer

A)  nondepressed students were able to accurately assess their degree of control.
B)  depressed students were able to accurately assess their degree of control.
C)  depressed students exaggerated their degree of control.
D)  nondepressed students underestimated their degree of control.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

In a study by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) ,shy college men were enticed to participate in laboratory exercises that would enhance their social competence.The men

Accepted Answer

A)  were taught specific communication skills.
B)  took a short course on positive thinking.
C)  delivered self-laudatory speeches to strangers.
D)  had several successful conversations with women.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  a teenager
B)  a nondepressed person
C)  an elderly person
D)  a depressed personE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depressed moods cause negative thinking.
B)  Negative thinking causes depressed moods.
C)  Depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments.
D)  Depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moods.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Chronically lonely people seem to have the same _____ as chronically depressed people.

Accepted Answer

A)  unrealistic vision of the future
B)  need to achieve perfection
C)  illusion of control
D)  negative explanatory styleE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Your roommate Joel is depressed.As a result,you will tend to become

Accepted Answer

A)  somewhat depressed yourself.
B)  more accepting of people suffering from psychological disorders.
C)  more optimistic about your own life.
D)  more studious and committed to achieving academic success.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Research by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Accepted Answer

A)  become dependent on their therapist.
B)  perceive themselves as socially competent.
C)  concentrate on their social incompetence.
D)  become more shy 6 months after treatment.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n) _____ function.

Accepted Answer

A)  anger-reducing
B)  self-handicapping
C)  concurrence-seeking
D)  group-identificationE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

In depression-prone people,the vicious cycle of depression is usually triggered by negative experiences that lead directly to

Accepted Answer

A)  self-focused rumination and self-blame.
B)  depressed moods.
C)  further negative experiences.
D)  blaming others for their negative experiences.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Brodt and Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women were no longer shy when they

Accepted Answer

A)  were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety.
B)  were provided alcohol before interacting with others.
C)  discovered that most people feel shy.
D)  were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronically lonely people?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a negative explanatory style.
B)  They blame others for their poor social relationships.
C)  They perceive their interactions as making a good impression.
D)  They are unskilled at recognizing emotional expression.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It is all my fault."
B)  "It is going to last forever."
C)  "The whole world is against me."
D)  "It is going to affect everything I do."E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she mentions both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  rose-colored-glasses
B)  sadder-but-wiser
C)  head-in-the-clouds
D)  feet-on-the-groundE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

In comparison to those in Western cultures,depressed people in Japan are more likely to report feeling

Accepted Answer

A)  guilt and self-blame over personal failure.
B)  shame over letting down their family or co-workers.
C)  sad about social problems such as poverty and discrimination.
D)  hopeless and helpless.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.Which of the following statements is Maxwell most likely to make when he performs poorly on a test?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know."
B)  "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly."
C)  "I am incompetent and probably will always be."
D)  "I am sure most people did poorly on the test."E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

According to Lewinsohn and her colleagues (1985) ,which of the following does belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-focus
B)  self-blame
C)  depressed mood
D)  defensive pessimismE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _____ explanatory style.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative
B)  positive
C)  realistic
D)  repressiveE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 11: Clinical Therapy the Powers of Social Cognition

In a study by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) ,shy college men were enticed to participate in laboratory exercises that would enhance their social competence.The men

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Lewinsohn and her colleagues (1985) ,which of the following does belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _____ explanatory style.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study conducted by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Abramson (1979) ,mildly depressed and nondepressed students were asked to press a button and observe whether the button controlled a light coming on.The results indicated that the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vanessa is a mildly depressed college student.Considering the research findings presented in the text on depression,she probably

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In comparison to those in Western cultures,depressed people in Japan are more likely to report feeling

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) concluded that their social skills training was successful because their program

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she mentions both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _____ effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chronically lonely people seem to have the same _____ as chronically depressed people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your roommate Joel is depressed.As a result,you will tend to become

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brodt and Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women were no longer shy when they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In depression-prone people,the vicious cycle of depression is usually triggered by negative experiences that lead directly to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.Which of the following statements is Maxwell most likely to make when he performs poorly on a test?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n) _____ function.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronically lonely people?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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