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Exam 9: Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions

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Question 31

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Objects bearing tool marks should either be submitted intact to the crime lab or a ________ should be taken of the tool mark.

A) Digital photograph
B) Film photograph
C) Black and white photograph
D) Cast

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 32

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The ________ microscope is the firearms examiner's most important tool because it allows two bullets to be observed and compared simultaneously.

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Question 33

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Distance determination is the process of determining the distance between the ________ and a target.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)The cut or low-lying portions between the lands in a rifled bore B)An interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion C)A discipline mainly concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon D)A chemical test used to develop patterns of gunpowder residues around bullet holes E)The rear part of a firearm barrel F)The mechanism in a firearm that throws the cartridge or fired case from the firearm G)The mechanism in a firearm by which a cartridge or fired case is withdrawn from the chamber H)The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired I)The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or millimeters J)Size designation of a shotgun, originally the number of lead balls with the same diameter as the barrel that would make a pound. The only exception is the .410 shotgun, in which bore size is 0.41 inch. K)The raised portion between the grooves in a rifled bore L)The interior of a firearm barrel M)The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern -Caliber

Protection of class and individual markings on ________ and cartridge cases is the primary concern of the field investigator when recovering bullets and cartridge casings.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)The cut or low-lying portions between the lands in a rifled bore B)An interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion C)A discipline mainly concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon D)A chemical test used to develop patterns of gunpowder residues around bullet holes E)The rear part of a firearm barrel F)The mechanism in a firearm that throws the cartridge or fired case from the firearm G)The mechanism in a firearm by which a cartridge or fired case is withdrawn from the chamber H)The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired I)The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or millimeters J)Size designation of a shotgun, originally the number of lead balls with the same diameter as the barrel that would make a pound. The only exception is the .410 shotgun, in which bore size is 0.41 inch. K)The raised portion between the grooves in a rifled bore L)The interior of a firearm barrel M)The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern -Firearms Identification

From each of the following descriptions of bullet holes, estimate the distance from the shooter to the target. a. A few widely scattered gunpowder particles with no soot around the entrance hole b. A dark ring around the bullet hole, but no soot or gunpowder particles c. A halo of soot surrounding the entrance hole along with scattered specks of powder grains d. Scorch marks and melted fibers surrounding the entrance hole

Name one possible class characteristic and one possible individual characteristic that on a bullet, a tool mark, and a footwear impression.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)The cut or low-lying portions between the lands in a rifled bore B)An interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion C)A discipline mainly concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon D)A chemical test used to develop patterns of gunpowder residues around bullet holes E)The rear part of a firearm barrel F)The mechanism in a firearm that throws the cartridge or fired case from the firearm G)The mechanism in a firearm by which a cartridge or fired case is withdrawn from the chamber H)The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired I)The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or millimeters J)Size designation of a shotgun, originally the number of lead balls with the same diameter as the barrel that would make a pound. The only exception is the .410 shotgun, in which bore size is 0.41 inch. K)The raised portion between the grooves in a rifled bore L)The interior of a firearm barrel M)The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern -Choke

Name and briefly describe two popular approaches for collecting gunshot residue from a suspect's hands. What is the logical next step in analysis for these collected samples?

Shortly after a weapon is fired, residues are most likely to be deposited on the thumb web and the back of the firing hand of a shooter.

Two-dimensional imprints found at a crime scene can be lifted using:

What is SICAR and how is it useful in comparing impressions?

The ________ the choke, the narrower the spread pattern of the pellets and the faster and farther the pellets will travel.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)The cut or low-lying portions between the lands in a rifled bore B)An interior constriction placed at or near the muzzle end of a shotgun's barrel to control shot dispersion C)A discipline mainly concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon D)A chemical test used to develop patterns of gunpowder residues around bullet holes E)The rear part of a firearm barrel F)The mechanism in a firearm that throws the cartridge or fired case from the firearm G)The mechanism in a firearm by which a cartridge or fired case is withdrawn from the chamber H)The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired I)The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or millimeters J)Size designation of a shotgun, originally the number of lead balls with the same diameter as the barrel that would make a pound. The only exception is the .410 shotgun, in which bore size is 0.41 inch. K)The raised portion between the grooves in a rifled bore L)The interior of a firearm barrel M)The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern -Gauge

What is the automated shoe print identification system?

What is NIBIN?

The likelihood of detecting gunshot residue on swabs taken from living subjects more than six hours after a firing has occurred is ________ the likelihood of detecting gunshot residue within two hours of a firing.

When an etching agent is applied to a metal surface in order to restore a removed serial number, the stamped area will dissolve at ________ the unstamped area.

When removal of the original tool mark is impractical, the criminalist photographs the marked area to scale and makes a cast of the mark.