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Exam 10: Mass Wasting

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Question 21

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After gravity, the major cause of mass wasting is:

A) slope angle.
B) weakening by weathering.
C) overloading.
D) vegetation loss.
E) increased water content.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Question 22

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What is shear strength? What factors collectively define a slope's shear strength?

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Shear strength is the resisting forces t...

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Question 23

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Overloading of a slope is rarely the fault of human action.

Most mass wasting is enhanced or promoted by:

Permafrost lies beneath ____% of the land surface on Earth.

____________________ can be constructed to provide support to the base of a slope. They are anchored into bedrock, backfilled with crushed rock, and provided with drain holes to prevent buildup of water pressure in the hillside.

Because water can be so important in mass movement, what is one of the most effective and inexpensive ways of reducing mass wastage risk and damage?

Rising global temperatures will make construction in permafrost regions more unstable.

Mass movements in which material flows as a viscous fluid or displays plastic movement are termed ____________________.

A general term for mass movements of Earth is ____________________.

A common triggering mechanism for mass wasting is:

The removal of vegetation is a significant cause of slope failure and mass wasting.

The type of mass movement that moves the greatest amount of material downslope is:

The downslope movement of water-saturated surface sediment is called ____________________.

What is the angle of repose for a slope? What forces are acting? What numerical value does this angle have?

Mudflows are particularly common in climates that are:

What is meant by the term "flow" when used with reference to mass movements?

Creep is most effective and significant in a(n) ____________________ climate.

Which of the following mass wasting phenomena (flow, slide, fall, creep) has the fastest rate of flow and why?

Creep occurs only on weathered or soil-covered surfaces of moderate slope.