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Exam 16: Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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Which stage of the life cycle shown is the sporophyte?

A) stage A
B) stage B
C) stage C
D) stage D

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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Chemoautotrophic bacteria obtain their carbon from ________ and their energy from ________.

A) CO₂; sunlight
B) CO₂; reactions involving inorganic chemicals
C) methane; sunlight
D) organic molecules; sunlight

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Question 33

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In 2012, scientists discovered that colonies of single-celled organisms can be found in high numbers in the human gut. Scientists are particularly concerned with the colonies that produce methane, as methane in the human gut can be linked to constipation and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) . The scientists can classify these colonies as belonging to the domain

________ are heterotrophic protists; ________ are photoautotrophic protists.

Many species of which protist group have modified mitochondria that lack functional electron transport chains?

________ are toxic proteins secreted by pathogenic bacteria, and ________ are toxic components of the outer membrane of gram-negative pathogens.

Which of the following statements regarding Ulva is true?

You collect a protist from a rotting log and grow it in a petri dish containing E. coli, which it engulfs. For a while the protists multiply as single cells. Then the E. coli run short, and the protists aggregate to form a clump, which rises up to become a stalked structure with a globular head. What kind of protist do you have?

If a prokaryote is placed in an aquatic environment that has moderate sunlight availability as well as dead plant material, an effective mode of nutrition would be

Prokaryotes are classified into

Which of the following options correctly pairs a structure in prokaryote cells with its function?

Alginates are used in many everyday products, including toothpaste and soap. When added to water, they form a thick gel that binds or emulsifies liquids. Alginates come from a group of multicellular stramenopiles that have one pigment that masks all others and therefore gives these organisms a distinctive, dark color. Alginates are derived from

Someone diagnosed with meningitis has inflamed membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis is a result of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that cause extreme infections when their bacterial cell wall dies and lipopolysaccharide (a lipid and polysaccharide) is released. The lipopolysaccharide is an example of a/an

Which of the following options lists the events of protist evolution in the correct order, according to current science?

Dinoflagellates are best described as

You are studying a mini-ecosystem that you created from samples of lake water, plants, and sediment. Your teacher tells you to drop about 10 sesame seeds on the top of the water because they will attract some interesting organisms. One week later, you see that the seeds are surrounded by white fuzz that is extending off of the seeds, and you conclude that the decomposing seeds have been colonized by

Plasmodial slime molds

Protozoans were incorporated into several other groups of protists through secondary endosymbiosis.

Diatoms

After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow. In the 1930s, the Navajo Nation treated sheep and cattle for ticks and other parasites by using concrete "dip tanks," a common practice in the United States during that time period. Animals were herded into one end of the tank and out the other. Each day, the tanks were filled with 200,000 gallons of insecticide, and any remaining chemicals were emptied onto the ground. The pesticide solution seeped into the ground, ditches, and pits around the tanks. In the 1990s, the EPA Emergency Response Team (ERT) was called to the Navajo Nation to investigate the problem. They concluded that bioremediation procedures were the best option for cleaning up the site. Certain types of bacteria are able to feed on and digest toxic organic substances, such as pesticides, and use them as fuel for cell respiration. The ERT distributed these pesticide-eating microorganisms throughout the contaminated soil to remove the chemical residues. Once the contaminants are degraded, these microorganism populations will die off because they will have used up all of their food supply. -The pesticide-eating bacteria probably evolved from species that