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The ozone layer is part of the:


A) Ionosphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Troposphere
D) Biosphere
E) Limnetic zone

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The ozone layer absorbs much of the harmful UV wavelengths of light that would otherwise reach Earth.

A) True
B) False

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Besides habitat destruction,desertification and eutrophication are the two most important threats to biodiversity.

A) True
B) False

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A cloud forest is typically a __________ biome.


A) Warm, wet
B) Cool, dry
C) Cool, wet
D) Warm, dry
E) Hot, wet

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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The "background" species extinction rate:


A) Estimates how quickly species disappeared before human intervention
B) Measures today's extinction rate of plants
C) Measures today's extinction rate of animals
D) Estimates of how many extinctions humans are causing
E) All are correct

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Amphibians have which characteristics in common?


A) Require fresh water to reproduce and can breathe through their skin
B) Reproduce on land and can breathe through their skin
C) Require fresh water to reproduce and must breathe through their lungs
D) Reproduce on land and must breathe through their lungs

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The zebra mussel and the gypsy moth are native species of North America.

A) True
B) False

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To be considered _______________,an introduced species must begin breeding in its new location and spread widely from its point of introduction.


A) Resourceful
B) Harmful
C) Native
D) Dominant
E) Invasive

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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How did climate change affect frog mortality?


A) The chytrid fungus had optimal growth temperatures with cooler days and warmer nights.
B) The frogs could not survive the cooler temperatures during the day.
C) The frogs could not survive the warmer temperatures at night.
D) The chytrid fungus had optimal growth temperatures with warmer days and cooler nights.
E) The frogs immune systems were suppressed by pollutants, making them more susceptible to infection by chytrid.

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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Why is deforestation often associated with extreme floods and mud slides?


A) Increased rain fall
B) Increased transpiration
C) Decreased nutrient absorption
D) Increased soil erosion
E) Decreased rain fall

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A 2004 study in the journal Nature concluded "Many plant and animal species are unlikely to survive climate change.New analyses suggest that 15-37% of a sample of 1,103 land plants and animals would eventually become extinct as a result of climate changes expected by 2050.For some of these species there will no longer be anywhere suitable to live." How would the extinction of plant species lead to the extinction of animal species?


A) Animals need plants for pollination
B) Plants consume carbon dioxide
C) Plants perform transpiration
D) Plants are the energy base of an ecosystem
E) Plants prevent soil erosion

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Any chemical,physical,or biological change in the environment that harms living organisms is:


A) Nitrification
B) An "upwelling"
C) Deforestation
D) Ozone depletion
E) Pollution

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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