Question 1

Hydrochlorothiazide and _____ produce the same pharmacological action in the renal tubules,even though they are not chemically related.

Accepted Answer

A)   mannitol
B)   indapamide
C)   methazolamide
D)   glycerinE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Spironolactone produces its potassium-sparing diuretic effect by being an aldosterone receptor agonist that:

Accepted Answer

A)   aldosterone receptor agonist that stimulates sodium and potassium exchange.
B)   aldosterone receptor agonist that stimulates hydrogen and potassium exchange.
C)   aldosterone receptor antagonist that inhibits sodium and potassium exchange.
D)   aldosterone receptor antagonist that inhibits hydrogen and potassium exchange.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

_____ antibiotics when administered with organic acid diuretics may potentiate ototoxicity of the loop diuretics.

Accepted Answer

A)   Cephalosporin
B)   Penicillin
C)   Nitrofurans
D)   AminoglycosideE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

_____ is formed in the tubular cells in the presence of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CAH) .

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen peroxide
B)   Carbon tetrachloride
C)   Hydrochloric acid
D)   Carbonic acidE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following ions does the blood utilize to neutralize cell waste products,such as lactic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bicarbonate
B)   Sodium
C)   Chloride
D)   AmmoniumE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

_____ is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that continues to produce diuresis even in the presence of alkalosis.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mannitol
B)   Chlorothiazide
C)   Acetazolamide
D)   IsosorbideE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Edema is a result of _____ retention in the circulatory system.

Accepted Answer

A)   water
B)   nitrogenous waste
C)   chloride
D)   sodiumE) A) and C)
F) A) and B) A

Question 8

Dr.Jones is treating a patient with chronic edema.He decides to use mannitol to treat the patient.Which of the following statements,if true,would make mannitol the wrong choice for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   The chronic edema is a consequence of a skin infection.
B)   The chronic edema is a consequence of intracranial bleeding.
C)   The patient is suffering from an imbalance in her electrolyte levels.
D)   The patient has low levels of sodium in her blood.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

A patient experiencing _____ is most likely to be administered spironolactone.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypotension
B)   open-angle glaucoma
C)   hypokalemia
D)   acute mountain sicknessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) C

Question 10

Which type of diuretic would be recommended for a patient who was very sensitive to electrolyte imbalances and needs to self-administer the diuretic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mannitol
B)   Torsemide
C)   Amiloride
D)   TolvaptanE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

In which of the following parts of the nephron is weak acids and weak bases secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)   The proximal convoluted tubule
B)   The distal convoluted tubule
C)   The nephron loop
D)   The collecting ductsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Diuretics are primarily used in the management of all these conditions except:

Accepted Answer

A)   anuria.
B)   hypotension.
C)   hypertension.
D)   edema.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Dr.Lawson is scheduled to perform cardiovascular surgery on a patient.He decides to use mannitol to reduce a swelling on the patient's arm.Which of the following statements,if true,would support Dr.Lawson's choice?

Accepted Answer

A)   The patient's renal system is not functioning appropriately.
B)   The patient's acid-base balance has been altered, and it is more alkaline.
C)   The patient's electrolyte levels are appropriate.
D)   The patient is prone to nausea and headaches.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

_____ is a diuretic that is used to treat acute mountain sickness and glaucoma.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mannitol
B)   Isosorbide
C)   Furosemide
D)   AcetazolamideE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Metabolic acidosis can occur as a side effect of taking acetazolamide because:

Accepted Answer

A)   bicarbonate ions are wasted when sodium is excreted into the urine, leaving behind acidic metabolic waste products that need to be neutralized.
B)   chloride ions are wasted when sodium is excreted into the urine, leaving behind acidic metabolic waste products that need to be neutralized.
C)   bicarbonate ions are wasted when sodium is reabsorbed into the tubule as it attracts hydrogen ions.
D)   chloride ions are wasted when sodium is reabsorbed into the tubule as it attracts hydrogen ions.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following effects is an acidic drug such as aspirin likely to produce in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   No change due to downregulation of the number of transporters for tubular secretion
B)   No change due to upregulation in the number of transporters for tubular secretion
C)   Metabolic alkalosis due to limited number of transporters for tubular secretion
D)   Metabolic acidosis due to limited number of transporters for tubular secretionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Dr.Lee is treating a patient who suffers from an edema.She decides to use acetazolamide to help the patient.Which of the following is most likely to be a side effect of using acetazolamide?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyponatremia
B)   Hyperkalemia
C)   Hyperchloremia
D)   HypouricemiaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above C

Question 18

The filtration of substances from the blood into the nephrons occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

A)   nephron loop.
B)   collecting duct.
C)   proximal convoluted tubule.
D)   glomerulus.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following ion exchanges occur in the distal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)   Na+ for H+ and Na+ for HCO3-
B)   Na+ for H+ and Na+ for Cl-
C)   Na+ for H+ and Na+ for K+
D)   Na+ for Ca+ and Na+ for K+E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

_____ is a refractory diuretic.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mannitol
B)   Acetazolamide
C)   Chlorothiazide
D)   IsosorbideE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 25: Antihypertensive Drugs

Hydrochlorothiazide and _____ produce the same pharmacological action in the renal tubules,even though they are not chemically related.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spironolactone produces its potassium-sparing diuretic effect by being an aldosterone receptor agonist that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ antibiotics when administered with organic acid diuretics may potentiate ototoxicity of the loop diuretics.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is formed in the tubular cells in the presence of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CAH) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ions does the blood utilize to neutralize cell waste products,such as lactic acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that continues to produce diuresis even in the presence of alkalosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edema is a result of _____ retention in the circulatory system.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Dr.Jones is treating a patient with chronic edema.He decides to use mannitol to treat the patient.Which of the following statements,if true,would make mannitol the wrong choice for this patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient experiencing _____ is most likely to be administered spironolactone.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which type of diuretic would be recommended for a patient who was very sensitive to electrolyte imbalances and needs to self-administer the diuretic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following parts of the nephron is weak acids and weak bases secreted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diuretics are primarily used in the management of all these conditions except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Lawson is scheduled to perform cardiovascular surgery on a patient.He decides to use mannitol to reduce a swelling on the patient's arm.Which of the following statements,if true,would support Dr.Lawson's choice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a diuretic that is used to treat acute mountain sickness and glaucoma.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metabolic acidosis can occur as a side effect of taking acetazolamide because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following effects is an acidic drug such as aspirin likely to produce in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Lee is treating a patient who suffers from an edema.She decides to use acetazolamide to help the patient.Which of the following is most likely to be a side effect of using acetazolamide?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The filtration of substances from the blood into the nephrons occurs in the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ion exchanges occur in the distal convoluted tubule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a refractory diuretic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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C

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C

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