Question 1

In which area are pedocal soils most likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

A)  a tropical rainforest in the Amazon Basin of Brazil
B)  a bitterly cold, permafrost area in north-central Siberia
C)  a forested area of SE Manitoba
D)  a moderately dry to semiarid grassland such as SW SaskatchewanE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Word Analysis Questions
Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases.
-Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  halite
B)  clay minerals
C)  limonite
D)  hematiteE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The physical removal of dissolved or disaggregated rock from the site of weathering by wind, water, or ice is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ablation
B)  erosion
C)  recidivism
D)  solifluctionE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which is the common soil formed in dry young forest with long winters as in Yukon?

Accepted Answer

A)  brunisol
B)  cryosol
C)  gleysol
D)  podzolE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The solum or true soil includes all horizons above the C horizon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Caliche is an excessive accumulation of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcite in the E horizon of a pedalfer
B)  clays in the A horizon of a laterite
C)  clays in hardpan layers of a pedocal
D)  calcium carbonate in the B horizon of a pedocalE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is/are most susceptible to chemical weathering by dissolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  quartz
B)  clay minerals
C)  iron oxides
D)  calciteE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

List three possible sources of acidity to promote the natural chemical weathering of minerals.

Accepted Answer

organic acids from oxidized de...

Question 9

The material caliche represents an extensive, concrete-like accumulation of calcite in the B horizon of a pedalfer soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the common soil formed in moist, temperate areas like most of Quebec and the Maritimes?

Accepted Answer

A)  pedalfer (podzol) 
B)  cryosol
C)  chernozem
D)  luvisolE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Why is the humus layer typically thicker in a cool, temperate, forest soil than in a tropical rainforest soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Less humus is produced in the tropical rainforest because the B horizon is so poorly developed.
B)  Less humus is produced in the cool, temperate forest but the rate of decay and oxidation is slower than in a tropical rainforest.
C)  More humus is produced in the tropical rainforest, but it is quickly washed away by the heavy rains.
D)  In a tropical rainforest, the forest-floor litter is often burned during the dry season.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Where would you be best advised to attempt large scale, natural plantations of a popular broad-leafed recreational plant that could thrive untended in a pedalfer (podzol) with a temperate climate and enough rain?

Accepted Answer

A)  BC or the Maritimes
B)  Alberta
C)  Manitoba
D)  SaskatchewanE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

The natural decomposition of limestone through chemical weathering mostly produces solid, insoluble calcium hydroxide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which term best describes an accumulation of angular rock fragments at the base of a steep, bedrock slope or cliff?

Accepted Answer

A)  bajada
B)  fanglomerate
C)  rock and roll
D)  talus slopeE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following best describes sets of fractures in relatively fresh bedrock, such as granite, that are roughly parallel to the land surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  thermal expansion cracks
B)  sheeting fractures
C)  hydrolytic failures
D)  columnar jointsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following affects both the kind of soil and its rate of formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  type of vegetation cover
B)  meteorite showers
C)  sun spot activity
D)  plants and animals, climate, and parent materialE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

One of the chief detriments to the environment by acid rain is the acidification of lakes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Frost wedging is the major weathering process contributing to the formation of which regolith material?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical laterites
B)  talus slopes
C)  C soil horizons
D)  lunar soilsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

The downslope transfer of loose rock and soil particles by the force of gravity is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity
B)  mass wasting
C)  mass migration
D)  slopewashE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

What are the environmental effects of acid rain?

Accepted Answer

acidification of lakes, leachi...

Exam 5: Weathering and Soil

Which of the following is/are most susceptible to chemical weathering by dissolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where would you be best advised to attempt large scale, natural plantations of a popular broad-leafed recreational plant that could thrive untended in a pedalfer (podzol) with a temperate climate and enough rain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Word Analysis Questions Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. -Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the humus layer typically thicker in a cool, temperate, forest soil than in a tropical rainforest soil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The physical removal of dissolved or disaggregated rock from the site of weathering by wind, water, or ice is termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The downslope transfer of loose rock and soil particles by the force of gravity is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The solum or true soil includes all horizons above the C horizon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frost wedging is the major weathering process contributing to the formation of which regolith material?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which area are pedocal soils most likely to be found?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the common soil formed in moist, temperate areas like most of Quebec and the Maritimes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the common soil formed in dry young forest with long winters as in Yukon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the environmental effects of acid rain?

Correct Answerverifiedacidification of lakes, leachi...View AnswerShow Answer

Which term best describes an accumulation of angular rock fragments at the base of a steep, bedrock slope or cliff?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the chief detriments to the environment by acid rain is the acidification of lakes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following affects both the kind of soil and its rate of formation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The natural decomposition of limestone through chemical weathering mostly produces solid, insoluble calcium hydroxide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Caliche is an excessive accumulation of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The material caliche represents an extensive, concrete-like accumulation of calcite in the B horizon of a pedalfer soil.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List three possible sources of acidity to promote the natural chemical weathering of minerals.

Correct Answerverifiedorganic acids from oxidized de...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following best describes sets of fractures in relatively fresh bedrock, such as granite, that are roughly parallel to the land surface?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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acidification of lakes, leachi...
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organic acids from oxidized de...
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Correct Answer
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